Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a very common virus that can lead to cancer. Nearly 80 million people—about one in four—are currently infected with HPV in the United States. About 14 million people, including teens, become infected with HPV each year.

In the U.S., nearly 35,000 people are estimated to be affected by cancer caused by HPV infection each year. While there is screening for cervical cancer that can detect cancer early, there is no recommended screening for the other cancers caused by HPV infection, like cancers of the back of the throat, anus, penis, vagina or vulva.

The HPV vaccine can prevent infection with some types of human papillomavirus. HPV vaccine provides safe, effective, and lasting protection against the HPV infections that most commonly cause cancer.

HPV vaccine is routinely recommended for children ages 11–12 to ensure they’re protected before they’re exposed to the virus. The HPV vaccine may be given beginning at age 9 years and vaccination is recommended for everyone through age 26.

The HPV vaccine may be given to adults ages 27–45, based on discussions between the patient and their healthcare provider.

• • People who have had a life-threatening allergic reaction to any component of the HPV vaccine, or to a previous dose of HPV vaccine. Tell your doctor if the person getting vaccinated has any severe allergies, including an allergy to yeast.
• • People who are currently pregnant or planning pregnancy during the course of treatment.
    

Mild-to-moderate side effects:

• Soreness, redness, itching or swelling at the injection site

• Fever

Severe problems (rare) may include serious allergic reactions. Symptoms include:

• Difficulty breathing

• Wheezing

• Hives

• Pale skin

• Fast heartbeat

• Dizziness

Over-the-counter pain relievers such as paracetamol or ibuprofen can help ease pain and reduce fever. Contact your doctor or pharmacist if you have any unexpected or worsening reactions after receiving a vaccine.